The word anemia is used when the red blood cell count is low. Red blood cells are produced in the bone marrow. They carry oxygen all over the body. When you are anemic the body tissues do not get enough oxygen to do their work.
Anemia is determined by blood tests called hemoglobin (Hgb) and hematocrit (Hct).
A normal hemoglobin for men is 12 – 18, and for women is 11.8 – 15.4.
A normal hematocrit for men is 37.7 – 50, and for women is 35 – 40.
What causes anemia?
The cause of anemia varies. Some cases are because of too little iron, too much blood loss, cancer, genetic disorders, or medications (especially chemotherapy).
What are signs and symptoms of anemia?
- Fatigue
- Pale skin
- Lightheadedness
- Nausea
- Shortness of breath
- Ringing in the ears
- Pounding heart rate
How is anemia treated?
If your counts are low, your doctor will decide the best course of treatment for you. Blood transfusions can be given for low red blood cell counts. Replacement Erythropoietin (Procrit or Aranesp) shots may be prescribed. In order to raise your red blood cell count to a consistent level, Erythropoietin (Procrit or Aranesp) is the primary treatment. Eating a proper diet and avoiding alcohol can also help to maintain normal red blood cell levels.
Ways to reduce symptoms:
- Plan frequent, short rest periods
- Sit up slowly
- Sit a while before standing
- Stand a while before walking
- Dress warmly
- Eat a well balanced diet and drink lots of fluids.
When to call your doctor:
Call your doctor if you have lightheadedness, shortness of breath, pounding of the heart or chest pain.
